
Laparoscopic gastric banding is the second most common weight loss surgery, after gastric bypass. It is one of the least invasive approaches to obesity because neither the stomach nor the intestine is cut. This procedure involves attaching an inflatable band around the top portion of the stomach and tightening it like a belt to form a small pouch that serves as a new, much smaller stomach.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved an AGB system in 2001 that can be put in place with a laparoscope (a small thin tube with a video camera attached) rather than with an open incision for patients who are morbidly obese, as indicated by a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 40 or more.
The amount of weight you lose depends both on the band and on your motivation and commitment to a new lifestyle and eating habits.
Vertical Banded Gastroplasty (VBG) or Stomach Stapling

This pouch is not completely closed off from the rest of the stomach. A small opening, about 0.25in. across, allows the partially digested food to move into the rest of the stomach and then into the intestines. The size of the pouch is small enough that you can eat only 0.5cup to 1cup of food before feeling uncomfortable.
Vertical banded gastroplasty results in less weight loss, compared with other surgeries. It also has a higher complication rate. For these reasons, vertical banded gastroplasty is less common today. Only 5% of bariatric surgeons still perform this surgery
VBG and AGB may be performed with a laparoscope rather than through an open incision in some patients. This procedure uses several small incisions and three or more laparoscopes - small thin tubes with video cameras attached - to visualize the inside of the abdomen during the operation. The physician performs the surgery while looking at a TV monitor. Laparoscopic gastric surgery usually reduces the length of hospital stay and the amount of scarring, and often results in quicker recovery than an “open” or standard procedure.Persons with a BMI of 60 or more or persons who have already had some type of abdominal surgery are usually not considered as a candidate for the laparoscopic technique.
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